Failure Handling Patterns: Retry, Backoff, and Circuit Breakers

This article explains six failure handling techniques for software systems, including retry with idempotency, exponential backoff, fallback, queuing, circuit breakers, graceful degradation, and dead letter queues. It warns against blindly retrying operations that modify state, such as payment charges. The tutorial uses a conversational uncle-nephew format to illustrate common pitfalls and best practices.